Not quite;
IF you've enabled the .set and/or .tcl partyline commands, you could retrieve the values of the different settings, though you'd still have to do this manually.
You might otherwise be able to enable these commands using a customised config-file only containing the commands to add these commands; and then use the .rehash partyline command (.restart would wipe the current tcl interpreter, including all present settings) to re-execute the config-file.
Some filesystems allow the recovery of lost and/or deleted files under certain circumstances, though this is beyond the scope of eggdrop.
All this said, eggdrop would never delete it's config-file, so this would be an indication of a possible intrusion. You might just be better off starting off with a fresh tarball, deleting your old eggdrop...